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Maui History
As is the case with
everything if you go back far enough, Maui started with a bang. This took place
five million years ago as the result volcanic activity that began the ocean
floor and went on to create Haleakala, a now-dormant volcano arising more than
10,000 feet above sea level. Lava flows and the gradual erosion of Haleakala's slopes combined to form the rich plain of Central Maui, which is
where most of island's agriculture, industries and population are now located.
At
least that’s the
geological explanation. More colorful by far is the legend surrounding
the
island’s creation that introduces a figure named Maui. As Maui was only a
demigod, he went fishing with a line in the time-honored fashion. In
time-honored fashion as well, his
line caught, and after strenuously pulling to free it, he ensured that
he'd have the greatest fishing story of all time by bringing the islands
of Hawaii to the surface one by one. Perhaps emboldened by this feat,
Maui then
stood astride Hakeakala’s vast crater to cast his lasso into the sky,
now
catching the sun's rays and breaking them off in the same way he raised
the
Hawaii’s islands – one at a time. He then addressed the star, saying
he’d
extinguish it entirely if it didn’t traverse the sky at a slower pace to
provide more time for fishing. Wisely, the sun obeyed.
The first people to
inhabit Maui were the Marquesas, who, sometime before 450 A.D., sailed their
doubled-hulled canoes off in the direction taken by local birds that annually
returned home from their migration considerably fattened. Until the Tahitians
came along around 700 A.D. to push them into the forest, the Marquesas spent
hundreds of years on Maui building their grass houses and stone temples, making
tapa cloth, outrigger canoes, and fishing and grinding the root of the taro
plant into poi. In turn, the Tahitians introduced their goddesses and religion
along with the kapu system, a strict social order that was central to ancient
Hawaiian culture.
These peoples
formed Maui’s original inhabitants – denizens of a tropical Eden living the
simple lives of native people. They went on to form three chiefdoms --
Wailuku, Lele (Lahaina), and Hana that
lasted until 1778, when Captain James Cook became the first European to
visit Maui. Unable to find a place to land, Cook never set foot on the
island.
That had to wait until 1786 and the arrival of the French admiral
Jean-Francois
de Galap, comte de La Perouse, who disembarked on the shores of what is
now known La
Perouse Bay. In the wake of these early Europeans came traders, whalers
and
missionaries who would put an end to Maui’s simple way of life --
although the
descendants of King Kamehameha I, who conquered the island in bloody
battle in
Iao Valley shortly prior to Cook’s arrival, reigned until 1872.
After Kamehameha
and his descendants came another ancient family of chiefs, including Queen Liliuokalani who ruled Hawaii in 1893 when the monarchy was overturned. The
Republic of Hawaii, formed the following year, was annexed by the United States
in 1898. Hawaii was made a U.S. territory in 1900, and 50th state in 1959.
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